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Raymond Gastil : ウィキペディア英語版 | Raymond Gastil Raymond Duncan Gastil (December 19, 1931 – December 14, 2010) was an American social scientist, best known for evaluating political freedom in the ''Freedom in the World'' reports published by Freedom House".〔http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=351&ana_page=333&year=2007〕 ==Biography== Gastil received his BA (social relations, 1953), MA (Middle Eastern Studies, 1956) and PhD (Social Science, 1959) from Harvard University.〔''Why ABM?:Policy issues in the missile defense controversy'', Holst and Schneider, eds. (Pergamon, 1969). p304〕 He was a Fulbright Scholar in Pakistan (1953-4),〔 and taught anthropology and social science at the University of Oregon.〔 He spent seven years as a researcher at the Hudson Institute, analysing national security and other policy issues,〔 〕 and contributed to the Institute's 1968 book, ''Can We Win in Vietnam?''.〔''Can We Win in Vietnam?'', Armbruster et al (Praeger, 1968). p425〕 In the early 1970s he worked at the Battelle Memorial Institute.〔Raymond D. Gastil (1971), "Homicide and a Regional Culture of Violence", ''American Sociological Review'', Vol. 36, No. 3 (Jun., 1971), pp. 412-427〕〔Raymond D. Gastil (1976), "A More Pluralistic Ethic: In Response to DeMarco and Richmond", ''Worldview'', April 1976〕 From 1977 to 1988 he was Director of Freedom House's annual survey.〔〔Staffan I. Lindberg. ''Democracy and elections in Africa''. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006. p171〕
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